Python uses reference count for memory management. Each objects in python has a reference count variables that keep track of the number of reference to the object. When the reference count goes back to 0, Python would release this object from memory.

By definition, a decorator is a function that takes another function and extends the behavior of the latter function without explicitly modifying it. Built-in decorators such as @staticmethod, @classmethod, and @property work in the same way.

Per history of python blog, everything in python are first class objects, that means all objects that could be named in the language (e.g., integers, strings, functions, classes, modules, methods, etc.) to have equal status. Th:at is, they can be assigned to variables, placed in lists, stored in dictionaries, passed as arguments, and so forth..

Iteration Python support iteration, for example, iterating over a list: for elem in [1, 2, 3]: print elem Iterating over a dict: for key in {'Google': 'G', 'Yahoo': 'Y', 'Microsoft': 'M'}: print key Iterating over a file: with open('path/to/file.csv', 'r') as file:...

Python supports context management. Which often used when handling resources, for example, file, network connection. With statement helps make sure the resources are cleaned up or released. There are two major functions for context management: __enter__ and __exit__.

The following is an example of python closure. def outer_function(outter_arg): closure_var = outter_arg def inner_function(inner_arg): print("{} {}".format(closure_var, inner_arg)) return inner_function # Usage of a python closure closure_func = outer_function("X")...